MOUSE ANTI-CANINE HEARTWORM ANTIBODY (3232)

Mouse Anti Canine Heartworm Antibody (3232) reacts with Dirofilaria immitis. The antibody is suitable for enzyme immunoassay (EIA) applications (ELISA). MAB12391 can be used as a capture antibody with MAB12390 as a detection antibody. See our Matched Pair Antibodies for more information.

PRODUCT DETAILS – MOUSE ANTI-CANINE HEARTWORM ANTIBODY (3232)

• Mouse Anti Canine Heartworm Antibody (3232).
• Reacts with Dirofilaria immitis. Negative for uninfected canine serum.
• Suitable for use in Sandwich ELISA.
• Purified by Protein G Sepharose chromatography.
• Presented in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.2, 0.1% sodium azide.

BACKGROUND

Dirofilaria immitis causes a severe disease (heartworm disease) in dogs and other carnivores and occasionally infects humans, while D. repens usually causes a non-pathogenic subcutaneous infection in dogs and it is the principal agent of human dirofilariosis in the Old World (Pampiglione and Rivasi, 2000; Capelli et al., 2018). In Europe, Dirofilaria immitis is distributed mainly in the Mediterranean region, including Italy, Greece and Spain, whereas in northern European countries, the D. repens species is dominant (Miterpáková et al., 2018).

The prevalence of the disease is influenced by climate and topography, but most importantly, by the presence of mosquito vectors. Different species of culicid mosquitoes (Culex spp., Aedes spp., Anopheles spp.) act as an intermediate stage in order to complete the worms life cycle. When taking a blood meal from a microfilaremic host, the mosquitoes become infected and the microfilariae develop to the third-stage larvae (L3) in the malpighian tubules of the mosquitoes (Cancrini and Kramer, 2001), which are deposited on the host while the mosquito is taking a blood meal, becoming sexually mature within a few months in the main pulmonary arteries and right ventricle (Morchón et al., 2012).

D. immitis adult worms can cause pulmonary artery blockage in dogs, leading to an illness that can include cough, exhaustion upon exercise, fainting, coughing up blood, and severe weight loss. Heartworm infection may result in serious complications for the host, typically culminating in the host’s death, most often as the result of secondary congestive heart failure. There is no vaccine and medications are based on macrolide prophylaxis which are generally safe and effective at preventing infection.

REFERENCES

• Miterpáková et al. (2018). Heartworm on the rise-new insights into Dirofilaria immitis epidemiology. Parasitol Res. 117(7):2347-2350.
• Capelli et al. (2018). Recent advances on Dirofilaria repens in dogs and humans in Europe. Parasites & Vectors volume 11, Article number: 663.
• Pampiglione and Rivasi (2000). Human dirofilariasis due to Dirofilaria (Nochtiella) repens: an update of world literature from 1995 to 2000. Parassitologia. 42:231–54.
• Morchón (2012). Heartworm Disease (Dirofilaria immitis) and Their Vectors in Europe – New Distribution Trends. Front Physiol. 3: 196.