The Native Antigen Company is part of LGC Clinical Diagnostics - Learn More

0 Items
Select Page

Canine Herpes Virus

Canine herpesvirus is a widespread alphaherpesvirus (Canid alphaherpesvirus 1; CaHV-1) which causes a fatal haemorrhagic disease of neonatal puppies (fading puppy syndrome). It was first recognised in the 1960s’ and is found worldwide in domestic and wild dogs, but not in other species. A vaccine has been developed in Europe, but its efficacy is unclear, and the vaccine is not licensed for use in the United States.

Canine Herpes Virus Background

Canine herpesviral infection is a severe, often fatal, disease of puppies. In adult dogs, it may be associated with upper respiratory infection (which may contribute to kennel cough), eye disease, and inflammation of the dogs genitalia. The disease agent is Canine herpesvirus (CaHV-1), an alpha-herpesvirus with a host range restricted to canids. It is more closely related to feline herpesvirus, equine herpesvirus-1, pseudorabies virus and human varicella-zoster virus than to other herpesviruses.

Transmission occurs during passage of puppies through the birth canal or venereally in adult dogs. Puppies can also be horizontally infected by littermates by direct contact with infectious body fluids. Like other herpesviruses, CaHV-1 becomes latent after a primary infection and is shed periodically, primarily in nasal or rarely in genital secretions (Evermann et al., 2011).

CaHV-1 infection causes a generalized hemorrhagic disease with a high mortality rate in neonatal puppies (1 to 3 weeks of age). Clinically affected puppies do not suckle, cry persistently, become depressed and weak, and fail to thrive. Older puppies, aged 3–5 weeks, develop less severe clinical signs and are likely to survive with neurologic sequelae such as ataxia and blindness resulting from reactivation of latent infection. In adult dogs, CaHV-1 causes a persistent, latent infection of the reproductive tract with recurrence and shedding during periods of physiologic stress. Infection in adult dogs may result in stillbirths, abortions, and infertility.

​ CaHV-1 has a global distribution in canine populations, especially in breeding kennels, with prevalence varying from approximately 30% to 90% amongst different countries (Bottinelli et al., 2016). Some infected dog kennels have much higher antibody prevalence rates, without any evidence of disease in infected puppies. Unfortunately, antiviral treatment is usually not effective. A CHV vaccine exists, but is not yet licensed for use in the United States.

 

References

  • Evermann et al. (2011). Canine Reproductive, Respiratory, and Ocular Diseases due to Canine Herpesvirus. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 41(6), 1097–1120.
  • Bottinelli et al. (2016). Serological and biomolecular survey on canine herpesvirus-1 infection in a dog breeding kennel. J Vet Med Sci. 78(5):797–802.

Canine Herpes Virus Antigens 

We are please to offer an inactivated and purified Canine Herpes Virus. This antigen is suitable for use in assay development, vaccine research and as antigens for the preparation of CHV-specific antibodies.

Questions?

Check out our FAQ section for answers to the most frequently asked questions about our website and company.

Monkeypox; 3 months on

It has been 3 months since a new, unusually widespread outbreak of Monkeypox was first identified. What was normally a virus confined to limited infections in the West African continent is becoming a global health concern.   What have we learned about this virus...

COVID-19 Underlines the Need for Universal Vaccines

This article was originally published on Clinical Lab Manager. In recent history, humanity has witnessed numerous emerging viral diseases, including the SARS, MERS, and SARS-2 coronaviruses, as well as HIV, Zika, Ebola, and H1N1 and H3N2 influenza. None have tested...

Tick-Borne Diseases: The Need for Integrated Approaches to Human-Animal Diagnosis

This article has been published in Volume 8, Issue 3 of International Animal Health Journal. Ticks are responsible for a diverse group of neglected, and rapidly expanding diseases, affecting humans, companion animals and livestock. A growing understanding of tick-host...

The Continued Challenges of Flavivirus Serology

This article was originally published on the Science Advisory Board. Flaviviruses are a genus of positive-sense RNA viruses, largely transmitted by mosquito and tick vectors that cause infections, including yellow fever, dengue, the Zika virus, West Nile virus,...

The Role of Serology in Tracking COVID-19 Mutations

This article was originally published on Clinical Lab Products. As SARS-CoV-2 began its global proliferation in early 2020, scientists hastened to investigate its biology, develop diagnostic tests, and design candidate vaccines, marking one of the most...

Get in Touch

We sometimes send exclusive information and offers to our customers - please let us know if you are happy to receive these

3 + 12 =