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Mouse monoclonal antibody specific for Japanese Encephalitis virus NS1 (clone BD6), with no cross-reactivity to NS1 proteins form other flaviviruses.
ELISA assay showing specificity of MAB12174 for Japanese Encephalitis Virus NS1 protein. NS1 antigens from different flaviviruses were coated on an ELISA plate at 0.5ug/ml, and detected with MAB12174 at 0.01ug/ml, visualized with Goat anti-mouse IgG:HRP.
Mouse anti JEV NS1 antibody is specific for the NS1 protein of Japanese Encephalitis virus. It demonstrates negligible cross-reactivity with NS1 proteins from other flaviviruses, including Dengue virus, Zika Virus, Yellow Fever Virus and West Nile virus. No cross-reactivity is seen with Chikungunya virus proteins (E1, E2 and C). This mouse anti JEV NS1 antibody is suitable for use in direct ELISA and in Western Blot (in non-reducing conditions).
The NS1 protein is a major non-structural protein expressed by the Japanese Encephalitis Virus. The NS1 monomer is a glycosylated protein of approximately 45kD, which associates with lipids and forms a homodimer inside infected cells. It is necessary for viral replication, and is also secreted into the extracellular space as a hexameric lipoprotein particle, which is involved in immune evasion and pathogenesis by interacting with components from both the innate and adaptive immune systems, as well as other host factors. NS1 is one of the major antigenic markers for viral infection with West Nile. Development of an immunoassay for West Nile virus NS1 has been reported by Li et al (2012).
The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) belongs to the genus Flavivirus, of the family Flaviviridae. JEV is also a member of the Japanese encephalitis serology complex, which also includes West Nile virus, St. Louis encephalitis and Murray Valley encephalitis virus. In nature, JEV cycles primarily between water birds and mosquitoes, of the Culex species, but pigs can be infected and act as amplifying hosts. JEV can also be transmitted to incidental hosts including humans, horse and other mammals.
In Asia, Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in children, with up to 70,000 cases reported annually. In most cases JEV infection causes mild symptoms but a small number of cases develop into severe life-threatening encephalitis. The symptoms of JEV infection are like those seen in other conditions that cause severe encephalitis syndrome. In cases presenting with severe encephalitis, mortality rates can be as high as 30%, with survivors developing long term neurological and behavioural complications. Currently, there is no specific antiviral therapy for JEV but safe and effective licensed vaccines are available.