TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS LYSATE (STRAIN MOSCOW B-4)

Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Lysate (Strain Moscow B-4) has been manufactured for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies against TBE.

PRODUCT DETAILS – TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS LYSATE

• Tick-borne encephalitis virus, strain Moscow B-4.
• Supernatant from infected culture is concentrated and purified by centrifugation. The resulting virus preparation is presented in glycine buffer at pH 9.5.
• Virus inactivated by β-Propiolactone treatment. No propagation observed following recultivation under original culture conditions.
• For immunoassay development or other applications.

BACKGROUND

The tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) complex is a group of enveloped, non-segmented, positive-sensed single-stranded RNA viruses within the genus Flavivirus (family Flaviviridae) (Lasala & Holbrook, 2010). Many of the viruses of the TBE complex are significant human pathogens, such as tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV), Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV), and Powassan virus (POWV), and have a wide global distribution spanning North America, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia (Dobler, 2010). Despite the high degree of sequence similarity, members of the TBE complex cause a wide range of diseases including encephalitis (e.g., TBEV, louping ill virus (LIV), POWV) to haemorrhagic fever (e.g., OHFV, KFDV, AHFV). Outbreaks of many of the tick-borne flaviviruses are quite common, with TBEV causing an average of 2,600 cases annually in Europe alone (Lasala & Holbrook, 2010).

Since its discovery, TBEV has been a major target for vaccine development, and remains the only tick-borne flavivirus for which a vaccine is widely available (Ishikawa et al., 2014). There are three subtypes of TBEV, namely the Far-Eastern, Siberian and European subtypes (Ecker et al., 1999). Vaccines are derived from primary chicken embryo cells infected with either TBEV Neudörfl (European subtype; FSME-Immun), TBEV K23 (European subtype; Encepur), TBEV Sofjin (Far-Eastern subtype; TBE Moscow), or TBEV Strain 205 (Far-Eastern subtype; Encevir) (Kollaritsch et al., 2012). It has been shown that Tick-borne encephalitis virus vaccination may protect against most of the members of the tick-borne encephalitis complex including Kyasanur forest disease virus and Alkhumra virus, but that neutralisation of Powassan virus following tick-borne encephalitis vaccination is minimal (McAuley et al., 2017).

REFERENCES

• Dobler (2010). Zoonotic tick-borne flaviviruses. Vet. Microbiol. 140, 221–228.
• Ecker et al. (1999). Sequence analysis and genetic classification of tick-borne encephalitis viruses from Europe and Asia. J. Gen. Virol. 80, 179–185.
• Ishikawa et al. (2014). A review of successful flavivirus vaccines and the problems with those flaviviruses for which vaccines are not yet available. Vaccine. 32, 1326–1337.
• Kollaritsch et al. (2012). Vaccines and vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis. Exp. Rev. Vaccines. 11, 1103–1119.
• Lasala, P. R. & Holbrook, M. R. (2010). Tick-borne flaviviruses. Clin. Lab. Med. 30, 221–235.
• McAuley et al. (2017). Cross-neutralisation of viruses of the tick-borne encephalitis complex following tick-borne encephalitis vaccination and/or infection. npj Vaccines 2, 5.