GOAT ANTI-ESCHERICHIA COLI O45 SPECIES ANTIBODY

Affinity purified polyclonal antibody to E. coli O45 made in goat (BacTrace®). Isolated from a serum pool of goats immunized with heat-killed whole cells of E. coli serotype O45. The antibody is highly specific for E. coli O45. Each lot is tested to assure specificity and lot-to-lot consistency using an in-house ELISA assay.

PRODUCT DETAILS – GOAT ANTI-ESCHERICHIA COLI O45 SPECIES ANTIBODY

• Part of the BacTrace® range of antigens and antibodies.
• Affinity purified antibody made in goat.
• Isolated from a pool of serum from goats immunized with heat-killed whole cells of E. coli serotype O45.
• This product is designed to react specifically with E. coli O45. Product is tested via ELISA techniques as applicable. Minimal cross-reactivity may exist to other similar species.
• Product is in lyophilized form.
• Each lot is tested to assure specificity and lot-to-lot consistency using an in-house ELISA assay.

BACKGROUND

E. coli was first described in 1885 by Theodor Escherich, an Austrian paediatrician, who called it Bacterium coli commune to reflect its universal occurrence in the faeces of healthy individuals (Escherich 1885). In 1939 the relationship between E. coli and infantile diarrhoea was confirmed (Bray 1945). Serotyping based on the somatic lipopolysaccharide or ‘O’ antigen and the flagella or ‘H’ antigen, helped distinguish the serogroups most likely to be associated with the disease (Kauffmann 1947), which included a set of O serogroups, notably O26, O55 and O111 (Ewing et al. 1963). Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are an important cause of haemorrhagic colitis and the diarrhoea-associated form of the haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Of the numerous serotypes of E. coli that have been shown to produce Shiga toxin (Stx), E. coli O157:H7 and E. coli O157:NM (non-motile) are most frequently implicated in human disease (De Boer & Heuvelink, 2000). Human infections with Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains (EHEC) as agents of Haemorrhagic Colitis (HC) and Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) are frequently associated with the consumption of EHEC contaminated foodstuffs of different origins. EHEC O26, O103, O111, O118, O121, O145 and O157 strains are responsible for the majority of HC and HUS cases worldwide. Non-O157:H7 STEC (Shiga toxin-producing E. coli), including E. coli O145 causes illnesses similar to those triggered by O157:H7 STEC due to production of Shiga toxin. Although most reported STEC cases are caused by O157:H7, a large number of non-O157 cases are often misdiagnosed or unreported due to poor identification methods and epidemiological surveillance. E. coli O45, a Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) serotype, has been responsible for several outbreaks of illness in the United States, including the first US outbreak of STEC O45 infections in 2005, when 13 inmates at a prison in New York became infected.

REFERENCES

• De Boer E, Heuvelink AE. Methods for the detection and isolation of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. Symp Ser Soc Appl Microbiol. 2000;(29):133S-143S.